Medicare Benefits Schedule - Item 312

Professional attendance by a consultant physician in the practice of the consultant physician's specialty of psychiatry following referral of the patient to the consultant physician by a referring practitioner-an attendance of more than 15 minutes, but not more than 30 minutes, in duration at consulting rooms, if that attendance and another attendance to which any of items 296, 297, 299, 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 91827 to 91831, 91837 to 91839 and 92437 applies exceed 50 attendances in a calendar year for the patient

Fee: $50.10 Benefit: 75% = $37.60 85% = $42.60

(See para AN.0.25, AN.0.31, AN.0.32 of explanatory notes to this Category)

Extended Medicare Safety Net Cap: $150.30

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Intention and eligibility of this service under item 137 and telehealth equivalent item 92141

Items 137 or telehealth equivalent item 92141 are intended for diagnosis and treatment for patients under 25 years of age with an eligible disability by a specialist or consultant physician.

Definition of Eligible Disabilities is found at AR.29.1.

Referral pathways:

Early identification of, and intervention for, individuals with eligible disabilities is important in promoting positive longer-term outcomes. Symptoms can cause clinically significant impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning.

Where indications of eligible disability concerns have been identified and brought to the attention of the patient’s GP to initially assess these concerns and the GP considers there are persisting indications that require more specialised assessment, they are encouraged to refer to a specialist or consultant physician for a comprehensive assessment.

Diagnostic Assessment:

The assessment and diagnosis of an eligible disability should be evaluated in the context of both a physical and developmental assessment. The specialist or consultant physician may require a number of separate attendances (through usual time-tiered or subsequent attendance items 104, 105, 107, 108, 110, 116, 119, 122, 128, 131, 296, 297, 299, 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, 312, 314, 316, 318, 319, 320, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 338, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347 or 349 or telehealth items 91822 to 91831, 91833, 91836 to 91839, 91868 to 91878 to 91882 to 91884, 92437 or 92455 to 92460) to complete a comprehensive accurate assessment and formulate a diagnosis, exclude other disorders or assess for co-occurring conditions.

Multi-disciplinary assistance with assessment and/or contribution to the treatment and management plan:

Depending on a range of factors, not limited to the patient’s age and nature of suspected disabilities, the specialist or consultant physician may require a multi-disciplinary approach to complete a comprehensive accurate assessment and formulate a diagnosis. 

Where the specialist or consultant physician determines the patient requires additional assessments to formulate a diagnosis, through the assistance of an Allied Health practitioner, they are able to refer the patient to an eligible Allied Health practitioner from standard attendance items 104, 105, 107, 108, 110, 116, 119, 122, 128, 131, 296, 297, 299, 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, 312, 314, 316, 318, 319, 320, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 338, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347 or 349 or telehealth items 91822 to 91831, 91833, 91836 to 91839, 91868 to 91878 to 91882 to 91884, 92437 or 92455 to 92460.

Whilst MBS items provide for a total of 8 Allied Health assessment services per patient per lifetime, an eligible Allied Health practitioner can only provide up to 4 services before the need for a review (the type of review can be specified in the referral to the eligible Allied Health practitioner) by the referring specialist or consultant physician, who must agree to the need for any additional Allied Health services prior to the delivery of the remaining 4 Allied Health assessment services.

Eligible Allied Health assessment practitioners include:

• Psychologist (MBS item 82000, 93032, 93040)
• Speech Pathologist (MBS item 82005, 93033, 93041)
• Occupational Therapist (MBS item 82010, 93033, 93041)
• Audiologist, Optometrist, Orthoptist, Physiotherapist (MBS item 82030, 93033, 93041)

Requirements of the referral to Allied Health practitioners

The specialist or consultant physician can refer to multiple eligible Allied Health practitioners concurrently, but a separate referral letter must be provided to each Allied Health practitioner. The referral should specify the intent of the assessment and if appropriate, specify the number of services to be provided. Where the number of sessions is not specified, each Allied Health practitioner can provide up to 4 assessment services without the need for review or agreement to provide further assessment services. 

Review requirements following delivery of 4 Allied Health assessment services

Where an eligible Allied Health practitioner has provided 4 assessment services (through items 82000, 82005, 82010, 82030, 93032, 93033, 93040 or 93041) and considers additional assessment services are required, they must ensure the referring specialist or consultant physician undertakes a review. If the type of review is not specified by the referring specialist or consultant physician an acceptable means of review includes: a case conference, phone call, written correspondence, secure online messaging exchange or attendance of the patient with the referring psychiatrist.

Inter-disciplinary Allied Health referral

Eligible Allied Health practitioners are also able to make inter-disciplinary referrals to other eligible Allied Health practitioners as clinically necessary to assist with the formulation of the diagnosis or contribute to the treatment and management plan. Inter-disciplinary referrals must be undertaken in consultation and agreement with the referring specialist or consultant physician.  Whilst they do not require the need for an attendance with the patient (face-to-face or telehealth) by the referring specialist or consultant physician, they do require an agreement from the referring specialist or consultant physician. This can be undertaken (but is not limited to) an exchange by phone, written communication or secure online messaging.

Contribution to the treatment and management plan through Allied Health referral

In addition to referring to Allied Health practitioners for assistance with formulating a diagnosis, once the specialist or consultant physician makes a diagnosis, the specialist or consultant physician may require the contribution of an eligible Allied Health practitioner to assist with the development of the treatment and management plan (before billing item 137 or 92141).

MBS items 82000, 82005, 82010, 82030, 93032[BJ1] , 93033, 93040 or 93041 provide a dual function for this purpose. It is important to note that the service limit of a total of 8 services per patient per lifetime apply regardless of whether the items are used for assistance with diagnosis or contribution to the treatment and management plan, and the referring specialist or consultant physician should be mindful of this when referring to eligible Allied Health practitioners.

Development of the treatment and management plan

Once the specialist or consultant physician has made a diagnosis of an eligible disability, to complete the item requirements of item 137 or 92141 they must develop a treatment and management plan which includes:

• Written documentation of the patient’s confirmed diagnosis of an eligible disability, including any findings of assessments performed (which assisted with the formulation of the diagnosis or contributed to the treatment and management plan)
• A risk assessment which means assessment of:

o the risk to the patient of a contributing co‑morbidity and

o environmental, physical, social and emotional risk factors that may apply to the patient or to another individual.

• Treatment options which:

o Recommendations using a biopsychosocial model

o Identify major treatment goals and important milestones and objectives

o Recommendation and referral for treatment services provided by eligible Allied Health practitioners (where relevant) and who should provide this, specifying number of treatments recommended (to a maximum of 20 treatment services)

o  Indications for review or episodes requiring escalation of treatment strategies

• Documenting the treatment and management plan and providing a copy to the referring medical practitioner and relevant Allied Health practitioner/s.

Referral for Allied Health treatment services

Once a treatment and management plan is in place (after item 137 or 92141 has been claimed) the specialist or consultant physician can refer the individual to eligible Allied Health practitioners for the provision of treatment services. Treatment services address the functional impairments identified through the comprehensive medical assessment which are outlined in the treatment and management plan. Treatment services focus on interventions to address developmental delays/disabilities or impairments.

Eligible Allied Health treatment practitioners include:

• Psychologist (MBS items 82015, 93035, 93043)
• Speech Pathologist (MBS items 82020, 93036, 93044)
• Occupational Therapist (MBS items 82025, 93036, 93044)
• Audiologist, Optometrist, Orthoptist, Physiotherapist (MBS items 82035, 93036, 93044)

A total of 20 Allied Health treatment services per patient per lifetime are available through the MBS, which may consist of any combination of items 82015, 82020, 82025 or 82035 or equivalent telehealth items. Whilst the specialist or consultant physician can refer to multiple eligible Allied Health practitioners concurrently, a separate referral letter must be provided to each Allied Health practitioner.

The referral must specify the goals of the treatment and if appropriate, specify the number of services to be provided. It is the responsibility of the referring psychiatrist to allocate the number of treatment services (up to a maximum of 10 services per course of treatment) in keeping with the individual’s treatment and management plan.

It is important to note, that a benefit will not be paid for the MBS Allied Health treatment services unless the pre-requisite items (137 or 92141) have been processed through the Medicare claiming system.

On the completion of a “course of treatment” (specified by the referring specialist or consultant physician, up to maximum of 10 services), the eligible Allied Health practitioner must provide a written report to the referring specialist or consultant physician, which must include information on the treatment provided, recommendations for future management of the individual’s disorder and any advice to caregivers (such as parents, carers, schoolteachers). This written report will inform the referring specialist or consultant physician’s decision to refer for further treatment services. Where subsequent courses of treatment after the initial 10 services are required (up to a maximum of 20 services per patient per lifetime) a new referral is required.

Related Items: 104 105 107 108 110 116 119 122 128 131 137 296 297 299 300 302 304 306 308 310 312 314 316 318 319 320 324 326 328 330 332 334 336 338 342 344 346 82000 82005 82010 82015 82020 82025 82030 82035 91822 91831 91833 91836 91839 92141 92437 92455 93032 93033 93035 93036 93040 93041 93043 93044

Item 319 or 91873 provides for an attendance, by a psychiatrist, to provide intensive psychotherapy where the patient’s clinical condition requires intensive treatment. Clinical appropriateness and indications for intensive psychotherapy are determined following a comprehensive assessment and formulation of a diagnosis and should be documented in the patient’s notes. It is also expected that other appropriate psychiatric treatment has been used for a suitable period and the patient has shown little or no response to such treatment. Such treatment would include, but not be limited to: shorter term psychotherapy; less frequent but long-term psychotherapy; pharmacological therapy; and cognitive behaviour therapy. 

Once a patient is identified as meeting the criteria of item 319 or 91873, eligibility continues under that item for the duration of that course of treatment (provided that attendances under items 296, 297, 299, 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 319, 91827 to 91831, 91837 to 91839, 91873 and 92437 do not exceed 160 in a calendar year). If the patient requires more than 160 services in a calendar year for intensive psychotherapy, then such attendances would be covered by items 310, 312, 314, 316, 318, 91868 to 91872 or 91879 to 91881. 

Related Items: 296 297 299 300 302 304 306 308 310 312 314 316 318 319 91827 91831 91837 91839 91873 92437

Intention of these items:

Items 341, 343, 345, 347 and 349 and telehealth equivalent items 91874 to 91878 and 91882 to 91884 are for the purpose of interviews with patient relatives or close associates to investigate the particular problem with which the patient presented or the interaction between the patient and the person interviewed. The items also provide for interviews concerned with the continuing management of the patient, focusing on clinically relevant problems rising in the management of the patient.

These items do not cover counselling of family or friends of the patient.

Referral requirements:

The patient who is the subject of the interview needs a referral to attend the psychiatrist in the first place, however the non-patient contacts who are interviewed do not require their own referral.

Claiming of Medicare benefits:

The payment of Medicare benefits under these items is limited to a total of 15 services in a calendar year. 

For Medicare benefit purposes, claims relating to services covered by items 341, 343, 345, 347, 349 and telehealth equivalent items 91874 to 91878 and 91882 to 91884 should be raised against the patient rather than against the person interviewed.

Same day attendance items:

Medicare benefits are payable on the same day for an interview under any of items 341, 343, 345, 347 and 349 or telehealth equivalent items 91874 to 91878 and 91882 to 91884 and for a consultation with a patient (under item 291, 293, 296, 297, 299, 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, 312, 314, 316, 318, 319, 320, 322, 324, 326 or 328) provided that separate attendances are involved. This item can only be claimed if the interviewee attends without the patient. 

Related Items: 291 293 296 297 299 300 302 304 306 308 310 312 314 316 318 319 320 322 324 326 328 341 343 345 347 349 91874 91875 91876 91877 91878 91882 91883 91884